Week 6 · Soil

Heat is a compost tool

Microbial activity peaks when materials, moisture, and air align in warm weather. Summer garden waste — spent beans, corn stalks, grass clippings in thin layers, kitchen scraps — can become usable compost within weeks if turned and kept as moist as a wrung sponge.

Waiting until midwinter to start a first pile means cold slow decomposition until spring. Begin now; stockpile dry carbon (straw, leaves, shredded paper) for balance when greens arrive daily from harvest cleanup.

Build a working summer pile

  1. Layer greens and browns

    Alternate nitrogen-rich material with coarse carbon — avoid anaerobic sludge layers.

  2. Turn when centre cools or smells sour

    Heat above 55°C kills many weed seeds; overheated dry piles need water and remixing.

  3. Cover against drying wind

    Breathable cover or partial shade in desert-dry districts — moisture matters more than magic additives.

  4. Use finished compost selectively

    Fine crumb for seed beds; rougher mulch under fruit trees.

If the centre is cold and the heap smells sweet, turn. If hot and dry, water then turn.

Rat and fly control: bury kitchen scraps in the pile centre, not on top. Wire mesh base on urban sections deters rodents. Do not compost meat or dairy in open heaps.